Holborn is first mention in a charter of Westminster Abbey, by King Edgar, dated to 959. This refers to the old wooden church of St Andrew, St Andrew, Holborn. It was then outside the City's jurisdiction and a part of Ossulstone Hundred in Middlesex. In the 12th century St Andrew's was noted in local title deeds as lying on Holburnestrate—Holborn Street. This Historical location is an idyllic place to meet up with one of our sophisticated and glamorous
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In the 18th century, Holborn was the location of the infamous Mother Clap's molly house but in the modern era High Holborn has become the epi-centre for entertainment venues to suit more general tastes. 22 inns or taverns were recorded in the 1860s and the Holborn Empire, originally Weston's Music Hall, remained in operation from 1857 and 1960, when it was pulled down after structural damage sustained in the Blitz. The theatre premièred the first full-length feature film in 1914 called The World, the Flesh and the Devil, a 50-minute melodrama filmed in Kinemacolour.
Charles Dickens resided in Furnival's Inn, on the location of the former Prudential building designed by Alfred Waterhouse and named Holborn Bars. Dickens also put his character Pip, in Great Expectations, in residence at Barnard's Inn opposite, the current home of Gresham College, and Staple Inn, notable as the promotional image for Old Holborn tobacco.
The most northerly of the Inns of Court, Gray's Inn, is located in Holborn, as is Lincoln's Inn, which has rendered the area with its association to the legal professions since mediaeval times. Subsequently the area diversified and became recognisable as the modern street.
A plaque stands at number 120 commemorating Thomas Earnshaw's invention of the Marine chronometer, which assisted long-distance travel. At the corner of Hatton Garden was the old family department store of Gamages. Until 1992, the London Weather Centre was located in the street. The Prudential insurance company relocated in 2002. The Daily Mirror offices used to be directly opposite it, but the site is now occupied by the J Sainsbury head office.
Further to the east of the area, in the gated avenue of Ely Place, is St Etheldreda's Church, originally the chapel of the Bishop of Ely’s London palace. This ecclesiastical connection allowed the street to remain part of the county of Cambridgeshire until the mid 1930s. This meant that the Mitre Tavern, located in a court hidden behind the buildings of the Place and the Garden was subject to the Cambridgeshire Magistrates to grant its licence. St Etheldreda's is the oldest church building used for Roman Catholic worship in London, but this became so only after it ceased to be an Anglican chapel in the 19th century.
Hatton Garden, the centre of the diamond trade in the capital, was leased to a favourite of Queen Elizabeth, Sir Christopher Hatton at the insistence of the Queen to provide him with an income. Behind the now Prudential Building lays the Anglo-Catholic church of St Alban the Martyr. Originally built in 1863 by architect William Butterfield it was destroyed in 1941 and a new church was built in the Victorian Gothic style.
Holborn has had many famous residents who were either born and lived or moved into the area. Sir John Barbirolli the famous conductor was born in Southampton Row, Barry Sheen the World Motorcycle Champion in the late 1970’s resided in the area and Eric Morley the founder of the Miss World competition, was born in Holborn.